Elastic-fluid turbine.



' No. 883,905. PATENTED APR. 7, 1908.

M. M. PEARSON. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 7.1905.

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it 5; ELJLJLAU nrrn v v or an a "vnrnv n MILLABD M.-PEARBGN, FSCHENEGTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR 'lO GENERAL ELEG'li-ilfi COMPANY, ACORFQRATION OF NEW YORK.

no. senses.

Application filezl v,

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, liliLLARD M. l nsason,

a citizen oi the United States, residing at Schenectady, county ofSchenectady, State of New York, havte invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, or" which the following is aspeeiiication. I

This invention relates to engines actuated. by elastic fluid pressure,and has especial reference to steam or gas turbines,

A Well-known tye of steam turbine cont prises a plurality orbucket-wheels mounted on a shaft and" icloseil in s lit the machine hasmore than one stage, the stages are sepa 'ated by stationery diaphragrnstending from the wall of the casing to the shaft. Giving to thenecessary cleerances between the revolving buckets and. the sta'--tionsry nozzles and interrne lites, there is more or less spill orleakage of steam into the chamber or chambersin which the els arelocated, and this gives rise to certain rotation losses, besides heatingthe shaft and bearin s and causing a "further loss raclia tion 0% heatfrom these parts. invention aims to prevent these losses, bcsidesattaining other advantages which Will be pointed out hereinafter.

The hivention consists in rovirling means whereby the flow or" themotive fluid through the buckets will exhaust or such out from thecasing all the air and leakage fluid, and set up and maintain a vacuumin said casing. The result is that the motive fluid is not subjected to0 position in passing into and out of the hue *ets; there is no loss byleakage between the diaphraglns and the shaft; the

radiation of heat is less; the condense vacuum is better, and thebucket-Wheels are re lievecl from all friction.

In carrying out the idea, I provide stationary elements between thebuckct wheels, containing passageways to receive the nio- 4:5 tive fluidflowing froin'the buckets or one wheel and discharge it against thebuckets of the next Wheel. These passageways are referably enlargedbetween their inlet and ischarge, so as to form chambers or receivers,which tend to steadythe discharge of theniotive fluid therefrom. Thesereceivers are annular, and are preferably cast integral with thecasing-sections The inletpeciilcation LAQTKFELETEEI? Patented s n"; '2,ice

end of the nsssageway is so shaped that the jets of motive fluid flowinginto it exert an ejector effect unon the contents of the easing, and notonly suck out all the fluid that may have leaked into the casing, butalso theeir Well, so that a vacuum is soon established.

in the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is longitudinal section ofonesirle of s tinbine embodying my in ention; and Fig. shows in sectionit modified inlet seat for receiver.

The shaft 1 carries-a plurality of Wheels 2 provided with peripheralbuckets 3 of the parallel-flow type. The casing is composed of a tier ofannular sections 4 having flanges 5 fastened together by bolts 6.Between several of the pairs of wheels is an annular chamber or receiver'2, preferably cast integral with the corresponding casing-section, andhaving in its top an inlet slot or slots .8 concentric with theshait iand registering with the buckets 3.

In a partial injection machine. the slots will not be continuous butwill extend along only a portion of thereceiver. Where it is desired toutilize the entire circumference of the Wheel, the slot may becontinuous; but in such case the receiver be provided at intervals withtransverse strengthening ribs or Webs, as will be apparent to any oneskilled in the art.

inside the receivers are fisnges 9 r1. along each side of the slot spoutthrough which the motive filllu. enters the receiver on leaving thebuckets. The. sides of the spout are convex, so that a some- Whatcontracted throat is formed, narrower than the buckets, in order thatthe motive fluid may completely fill the spout angl be carried 'wellinto the receivers. This prro duces an ejector efiect on the'air andleakage fluid in the casing, exhausting it therefrom into the receiver.To emphasize this effect,v the buckets may be lengthened transverse ofthe Wheel, so as to project into the slot, as

shown onthe uppertwo and lower wheels l 10s motive fluid; andto gusr lagainst this more I effectually, the inner surface oi the spout .may beserrated, as shown in the second spout from the top in Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 shows a mode of constructing the wit .the ejector passages, theresulting passageway being formed in the ordinary diaphragm; as shown atthe lower part of Fig. 1, Where the diaphragm 12 is provided with apassage-way whose upper part 13 has curved, walls to form the contractedejector passage,

while its lower part 14 is shaped to form -an expanding or non-expandingnozzle dischar ing, against the hue the casing section; but it ma beintegral therewith, like the upper diap ragm 15.

Accordingto the provisions of the patent statutes,'I have described theprinciple of 0 eration of my invention, together with t e a paratuswhich I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but Idesire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is onlyillustrative, and that. the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is:

1. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination with a casing, of ashaft, bucketwheels rmo'unted thereon, stationary elements between saidwheels having passageways for the motive fluid, and a means having 'acontracted th'roat so that the said motive fluid flowing from saidbuckets into said passages will create a vacuum in said casing.

2. n an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination with a casing, of ashaft, bucketwheelslmounted thereon, and stationary elements betweensaid wheels having ejector passages with contracted throats cooperatingwith the buckets on said wheels to create a vacuum in said casin I 3. Inan elastic-fluld turbine, the combination with the casing, of ashaft,bucketwheels mounted thereon, receivers for the motive fluid leaving thewheels, and apassage having a contracted throat whereby said fluidflowing into said receivers will create a vacuum in said casing.

4. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination with a casing, of ashaft, bucketwheels mounted thereon, and stationary elements withcontracted throats between said wheels having passageways for the motiveets of the next whee This diaphragm is shown as separate from fluid, theinlet portion of said passageways showing convex sides when out onradial planes.

5 In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination with a casing, of ashaft, bucket;- wheels mounted thereon, and stationary elements betweensaid wheels having passage- 7 ways for the motive fluid, the inletportion of said passa eways showin convex sldes when out on ra ialplanes, an the outlet portionconstituting nozzles to discharge themotive fluid against the next wheel.

,6. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combi-' nation with a casing, of ashaft, bucketwheels mounted thereon, receivers between said wheelshaving inlet slots intheir tops registering with'said buckets and havingconvex sides, and nozzles in the bottoms of I said receivers.

7. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination with a casing, of ashaft, aplurality of bucket-wheels mounted thereon, a receiver betweeneach pair of wheels, having an inlet slot in its top and nozzles in itsbottom, and flanges along each side of saidslotprojecting into saidreceiver.

8. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination with a casing, of ashaft, a plurality of bucket-Wheels mounted thereon, a receiver betweeneach pair of Wheels, having a slot in its top and nozzles in its bottom,said slot havinlg flanges forming a contracted throat.

9. 11 an elastic-fluid turbine, the combination with the casing andbucket-wheels, of annular receivers for the motive fluid having inletslots in their tops,-and rings curved in cross-section and located insaid slots 10. In an elastic-fluid turbine, the 'combi nation with asectional casing and the bucket- I wheels, of annular receivers for themotive fluid castintegral with the casing-sections and having inletslots and delivery nozzles.

. 11. In an elastic-fluid turbine, a casing section havingintegraltherewith, a receiver and a diaphragm, said receiver having inletslotsand, discharge nozzles opposite to each other. v

12. In 'an'elastic-fluid' turbine, a casing section having integraltherewith a receiver provided in its top-With one or more inlet slots,and in its bottom with one or more discharge nozzles.

13. In an elastic-fluid turbine, a casing 1 section having integraltherewith a receiver provided in its top with one or more slots ormingejector passages, and in its bottom with one or more discharge nozzles.

- In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 6th day ofOctober, 1905.

MILLARD M. PEARSON.

Witnesses I 4 ALEX. F. MACDONALD, GENEVIEVE HAYNES:

